Hardy north to zone 3; these are lupine like plants that have palmate trifoliate foliage and racemes of yellow flowers from early to mid summer. The foliage remains attractive all season.
They prefer deep soil in full sun to partial shade. These very attractive plants perennials make native gardening very easy and enjoyable. Once established, they are difficult to move due to the deep taproot which is also the reason for theyre tolerance of drought.
Thermopsis angustifolia
Arching in habit and reaching up to 5 x 2 feet in size. Flowers are canary yellow.
Hardy north to zone 3
Thermopsis caroliniana ( Carolina Lupine )
Upright in habit, reaching a maximum size of 7 x 6 ( rarely over 5 ) feet, native to the southeastern U.S. Vigorous in habit, up to 30 flowering stems may be produced on a plant as young as 3 years.
The leaves are up to 5 inches in length with leaflets up to 3.2 inches in length.
The blue-green foliage is downy beneath.
The yellow flowers are borne in dense inflorescences, up to 12 inches long, during early to mid summer.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
* photo taken on annual Horticultural Society of Maryland Garden Tour
Album
White flowers.
Thermopsis chinensis Sophia
A long-lived, bushy, upright perennial, reaching up to 4 ( averaging 2 ) x 3 feet in size. It is stunning planted in groups and mixed with blue flowering Phlox stolonifera. Sophia is a denser more compact version of regular T chinensis which easily reaches 4 feet.
The handsome foliage is blue-green. The trifoliate leaves consist of 3 oblong leaflets.
The very abundant, showy, bright yellow flowers are borne on spikes up to 18 inches long, during mid spring.
Hardy zones 5 to 9 ( 3 & 4 on protected sites with deep winter mulch ) in full sun preferring fertile, deep, sandy, well drained soil though is generally very easy to grow, even tolerating clay. It is drought and very heat tolerant. Plant when very small and leave along, they do not like root disturbance.
* photo taken on Sep 23 2013 in Burtonsville, MD
Thermopsis lanceolata
Reaches up to 3 feet with foliage that is blackish at first, turning to green.
The soft yellow flowers are borne during late spring.
Hardy zones 3 to 9 in full sun.
Thermopsis lupinoides
A sturdy, shrubby perennial, native to Siberia, reaching up to 3.5 x 3 feet with very profuse bright yellow flowers borne on compact, short inflorescences during early to mid summer.
Hardy zones 1 to 8 in full sun on fertile, moist, well drained soil. Very drought tolerant. Plant in permanent site while small, they do not enjoy transplanting.
Thermopsis macrophylla
See external link on Wikipedia... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermopsis_macrophylla
Thermopsis mollis
Native to the U.S. from West Virginia to Georgia & North Carolina. It is compact and dense, reaching up to 40 x 20 inches in size. The foliage is made of 3 leaflets to 1.6 inches in length. The flowers are yellow in pyramidal inflorescences.
Hardy zones 3 to 8
Thermopsis montana ( Mountain Thermopsis )
Native mountain meadows in western North America; fron Washington to Montana; south to Nevada to Colorado; this species grows large and dense, up to 4 x 3.3 feet. Can be invasive.
The leaves are composed of 3 obovate leaflets, up to 4 inches in length.
The foliage is luxuriant mid-green.
The lemon-yellow flowers are borne in inflorescences up to 8 inches long, during late spring to early summer.
Hardy zones 1 to 8 and very drought tolerant and easy to grow. Prefers full sun.
Thermopsis rhombifolia ( Buffalo Bean )
A very aggressive, spreading perennial, reaching up to 3 x 2 feet, that is native Rocky Mountains south to New Mexico. It smaller gardens it may need to be contained.
The leaves are composed of 3 broad oval leaflets. The foliage is green above, silvery beneath.
The showy, soft hairy, bright yellow flowers are borne on racemes up to 12 inches in length, from late spring into early summer.
They are followed by downy seed pods.
Hardy zones 4 to 8 in full sun.
* photo of unknown internet source
Thermopsis villosa
A perennial, reaching a maximum size of 5 x 4 feet, that is native to upland woodlands from Tennessee to western North Carolina; south to Alabama & Georgia.
The leaves are composed of 3 leaflets, up to 3 ( rarely 4 ) inches in length.
The yellow flowers are borne in clusters, up to 12 inches in length.
The pods are hairy.
Hardy zones 3 to 8
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